VEGFA and neoplasm: Sox2 drives self-renewal in both embryonic stem cells and in several cancer stem cell models61, 62 and is a key mediator of VEGFA-driven CSC expansion.19 CSC are thought to be drivers of tumor metastasis and exhibit greater motility and metastatic potential than bulk tumor cells.23, 24, 63 Notably, EMT-TF overexpression leads to expansion of cells with stem cell characteristics.41, 42 Here we tested whether the reverse is also true and whether the embryonic stem cell factor, Sox2, might mediate VEGFA-driven EMT.