Among the genes from blood samples, many have strong association signals with smoking with multiple replications, such as AHRR, F2RL3, AKT3, and GFI1. For example, AHRR, a tumor suppressor gene on chromosome 5p15.33, encodes a class E basic helix–loop–helix protein that dampens the translocation of AHR–ligand complex to the nucleus. Here, F2RL3 is linked to neoplasm.