For examples, LZAP inhibits, by the evidence from cancer cell line xenografts that decreased LZAP expression promoted, tumor growth and vascularity [40]; knockdown of endogenous PCBP1 enhanced tumorigenesis whereas overexpression of exogenous PCBP1 abrogated tumor formation [41]; Notch- and Hedgehog-dependent TICs were identified in prostate cancer CCLX models [42]; short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in castration-resistant prostate cancer cell lines strongly suppressed tumor xenograft growth in vivo [43]. This evidence concerns the gene CDK5RAP3 and cancer.