Taken together, these results demonstrated that NLRP3 was essential for NLRP3 inflammasome activation in KCs in a MCD-diet induced NASH model, and that TXNIP suppressed NLRP3 inflammasome formation and activation in KCs from WT mice fed by HFD and MCD diet, as evidenced by the result that TXNIP knockout significantly up-regulated the expression and activation NLRP3 inflammasome in KCs, which could explain the results in Figure 3B that TXNIP knockout can lead to NASH from HFD alone. This evidence concerns the gene NLRP3 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.