FRMD3 and diabetes mellitus: FRMD3 has been associated with type 1 and type 2 diabetic kidney diseases in different ethnic populations, including those of European, African, and Asian ancestries.[50] The diabetes variant, rs10868025, is not in LD with rs115795127 in our African American samples or in 1000G EUR samples (r2 = 0.00028 and 0.0018, respectively), thus representing an independent association at this locus.