TGFB1 and cancer: On the other study on Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial in 2007 Daehee Kang, et al. didn't observe any association between prostate cancer risk and TGF-β1 polymorphisms including 509 C>T and their haplotypic combinations in PLCO trial (30).