EGFR and non-small cell lung carcinoma: To date, the EGFR gene remains the most important oncogenic driver of NSCLC and treatment-naïve patients with advanced NSCLC harboring specific EGFR-sensitive mutations (principally EGFR exon 19 deletions and EGFR exon 21 p.L858R point mutations that account for approximately 45.0% and 40.0% of patients, respectively) are recommended to receive first-line epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) as per the National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines [4–6].