Corynebacterium-dominated DSIII(a) was characterized by both peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ [(PPAR-γ) negative binomial; p = 0.003, q = 0.018; Fig. 3e, Additional file 6: Table S5C] and the retinoic acid-inducible gene-1 (RIG-I) signaling pathways (negative binomial; p = 0.015, q = 0.062; Additional file 6: Table S5C), both of which have been shown to be increased in eosinophilic polyp tissue in CRS patients [42, 43]. This evidence concerns the gene PPARG and congenital rubella syndrome.