KRAS and melanoma: Generally, miR-143 is downregulated in a variety of tumors, including lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, and melanoma.13, 14, 15, 16, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39 As a putative tumor suppressor, miR-143 participates in CRC development and progression by targeting KRAS, IGF1R, Bcl-2, and HK2.23, 24, 25, 26, 27 In addition, miR-143 is a plasma miRNA that provides high diagnostic accuracy for early-stage HCC39 and is a predictive factor for the response to fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy in patients with metastatic CRC,40 indicating the clinical relevance of miR-143.