To further clarify HF-mediated autophagy, SQSTM1 (p62), which is a putative substrate for evaluating impairment of autophagic degradation, was also determined by western blot assay.19 We found that HF significantly reduced SQSTM1, whereas markedly elevated LC3-II protein levels under nutrient-rich condition (Figure 1b). This evidence concerns the gene SQSTM1 and hydrops fetalis.