These P-Aggs multifunctionalized with Tf, Alexa Fluor 647 and DOX were introduced into human colon cancer cells by endocytosis via TfR, followed by the selective release of DOX from the P-Aggs in light-irradiated cells, resulting in the spatiotemporal induction of target cancer cell apoptosis (Fig. 5). The gene discussed is TF; the disease is cancer.