These (and potentially many other) neurodegenerative diseases can be considered α-synuclein-related brain amyloidoses, since all of them are characterized by the presence of common pathological intracellular inclusions containing α-synuclein in selectively vulnerable neurons and glia and since the onset and progression of their clinical symptoms, as well as the degeneration of affected brain regions, are linked to the formation of abnormal filamentous aggregates containing α-synuclein9,15–21. The gene discussed is SNCA; the disease is neurodegenerative disease.