In term of the establishment of iPSCs from blood cells, the T cells that were derived from antigen-specific CD8+ T cells in an HIV-1-infected patient10, or from mature cytotoxic T cells that were specific for the melanoma epitope MART-111, were reprogramed into iPSC, and were then re-differentiated into CD8+ cells that possessed antigen-specific killing activity for treatment of patients with AIDS or melanoma, respectively. Here, CD8A is linked to AIDS.