TNF-α and IL-1β showed the greatest diagnostic efficacy of the cytokines associated with SSI: sensitivities and specificities were 100% and 87.88% for TNF-α at a cutoff of 14.5 pg/mL (on day 1 of infection for TNF-α) and 83.33% and 78.79% for IL-1β at a cutoff of 115 pg/mL (on day 3 of infection for IL-1β). Here, IL1B is linked to infection.