TNF and cancer: Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a secreted protein belonging to tumor necrosis factor superfamily of cell death-inducing ligands.17 TRAIL drives the onset of extrinsic apoptosis pathways after binding to its receptors Death receptor 4 (DR4, Trail-R1, Apo2 and Tnfrsf10A) and Death receptor 5 (DR5, Trail-R2, Trick2 and Tnfrsf10B).18 DR5 is a cell surface receptor of the TNF-receptor superfamily that binds TRAIL and mediates apoptosis.19 it is a promising target for cancer therapy due to its ability to selectively induce apoptosis in cancer cells.20,21