In chronic epileptic adult rats, the expression of the NCX1 protein was decreased in the dentate gyrus and layer III of the EC; similarly, NCX3 protein expression was diminished in the stratum lucidum and hilar region of the dentate gyrus, and both reductions were permanent from 3 weeks until 2 months after the induction of status epilepticus by kainic acid and were closely related to neuronal death in the same regions [63]. The gene discussed is SLC8A1; the disease is status epilepticus.