GHR and colitis: In vivo treatment of colitis in IL-10 knock out mice using anti-TNF-α antibodies increased GH action in terms of STAT5 phosphorylation as well as GHR expression levels in the colon [71] and in clinical evaluations anti-TNF-α treatment increases systemic IGF-1- and IGF binding protein-3 levels in IBD patients [72,73].