As a checkpoint receptor, tumor-associated PD-L1 has been shown to inhibit tumor-specific T cell-mediated immunity and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL)-mediated lysis by interacting with PD-1 and other potential unknown receptor on T cells to induce T cell apoptosis and impair cytokine production (12–14, 40). The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is neoplasm.