In UCP2-silenced microglia, IL-4 failed to induce the M2 genes mannose receptor 1 and IL-10 and reduce M1 genes TNF-α and iNOS, indicating that UCP2 is crucial in the microglial activation process with opposing regulation of M1 and M2 responses and the redirection of microglial response toward the protective phenotype in AD [33]. Here, NOS2 is linked to Alzheimer disease.