The site of histopathology associated with diabetic retinopathy are the retinal endothelial cells (RECs), and quantification of the Nrf2-GCLC pathway in isolated RECs revealed that the nuclear expression of Nrf2- and DNA-binding activity were decreased by 50% to 60% in RECs exposed to high glucose levels [145]. The gene discussed is NFE2L2; the disease is diabetic retinopathy.