Several mutations in the ATP1A3 (DYT12) gene, encoding the neuron-specific α3 isoform of the Na+/K+-ATPase, can cause rapid-onset dystonia-parkinsonism (RDP) characterized by an abrupt onset of dystonia and parkinsonian motor-related features [5], or alternating hemiplegia of childhood (AHC) characterized by fluctuating spells of tonic, dystonic, hemiplegic and oculomotor abnormalities [6–8]. This evidence concerns the gene ATP1A3 and Dystonia.