As shown in Figure 4c, western blots revealed that miR-1 mimics significantly suppressed the Smad3 pathway through decreased phosphorylation of Ser213 on the Smad3 linker region predominant in HT-29 and CaCO2 cells, a phosphorylation site central to tumor progression, despite luciferase assay showed that Smad3 is not a target of miR-1 (Figure 1s). This evidence concerns the gene SMAD3 and neoplasm.