TNF and neoplasm: We observed silencing of various tumor promoting genes with WA induced DNA hypermethylation, including ADAM metallopeptidase domain 8 (ADAM8), urokinase-type plasminogen activator (PLAU), tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 12 (TNFSF12), as well as genes related to detoxification (glutathione S-transferase mu 1, GSTM1), or mitochondrial metabolism (malic enzyme 3, ME3).