CSF2 and neoplasm: Cytokines such as TGFβ, IL10 and IL4; growth factors such as epidermal growth factor (EGF), macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and lipid mediators such as sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) promote a tumor-promoting phenotype [38–40].