By arming the T cells with CAR, the engineered T cells can directly recognize cancer cell surface antigens in an MHC-independent fashion and undergo activation, providing an alternative to conventional TCR and enabling them to circumvent the major hurdles suffered by cancer patients, including tumor escapes resulting from downregulation or loss of HLA expression as well as T cell anergy due to decreasing or loss of the expression of costimulatory molecules required for triggering the full potency of T cells (Gross and Eshhar, 2016). Here, HLA-C is linked to cancer.