However, our attempts to modulate ARC expression by mechanisms previously described in other cell lines were not successful in RCC cells; neither topotecan, as a classic chemotherapeutic compound [19], nor the ERK-inhibitor UO126 [35] were able to downregulate ARC expression, although both mechanisms were previously described to inhibit ARC gene expression in myocardial and colon cancer cell lines, respectively. Here, ARC is linked to renal cell carcinoma.