With regard to correlations between clinicopathological parameters and NSCLC tumor cell PD-L1 expression, inconsistent data have been reported by different research groups [26, 28, 29, 32–36], which we speculate could be attributable to differences in cohort size, unbalanced enrollment of histopathological subtypes and differing IHC assays or data interpretation methodologies. Here, CD274 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.