In contrast, in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) in the first line setting [21, 22] positive long-term results have been shown probably for two reasons; firstly the majority of patients had macroscopic residual disease post-surgery which is angiogenesis-dependent; and secondly there may be an autocrine effect of VEGF directly on receptors on ovarian cancer cells [23]. The gene discussed is VEGFA; the disease is ovarian carcinoma.