MAPK3 and malignant colon neoplasm: Duo et al. [10] established a subcutaneously transplanted human colon cancer model in nude mice and found that Xihuang pill inhibited the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) and repressed the mitogen activated protein kinase signaling pathway, thereby inhibiting the proliferation of the human colon cancer xenografts and delaying tumor growth.