The RORC gene encodes a member of the nuclear hormone receptor family of transcription factors, and is an important component of Th17 differentiation which has been associated with IBD in a number of studies.34,35 Relative gene expression levels of FOXP3, RORC and IL17A in CD4+αE+ and CD4+αE– T cells were therefore examined in our active UC cohort. The gene discussed is IL17A; the disease is inflammatory bowel disease.