Considering that the abundance of macrophages within tumors increases in patients during treatment with MAPK inhibitors and that macrophages can protect melanoma cells from the growth inhibitory effects of MAPK inhibitors (Smith et al., 2014; Wang et al., 2015), we wanted to assess the role of IL-1 signaling in melanoma growth and in the context of MAPK pathway antagonism. This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and melanoma.