We also found that mouse bone marrow mononuclear cells treated with M-CSF, and thus differentiated into macrophages, also expressed and secreted IL-1β when incubated for a further 24 h in conditioned media from 4434 mouse melanoma cells (Fig. 3 D), whereas cells incubated in conditioned media from untransformed 3T3 cells expressed and secreted low levels of IL-1β (Fig. 3 D). The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is melanoma.