Phosphorylation of RISK pathway proteins, and specifically inhibition of GSK-3β (either by pharmacological inhibitors or preconditioning-induced phosphorylation at serine 9, which results in inhibition of GSK-3β, as we found here in response to RLIPC) is established to be cardioprotective in the context of IRI, in terms of reducing infarct size, reducing cell death, and reducing incidence of ventricular arrhythmias and SCD [12, 15, 31–33]. This evidence concerns the gene GSK3B and Ventricular arrhythmia.