S100A11 and rheumatoid arthritis: Consistent with these findings, we showed that PBMCs (3.12 ± 0.45 vs. 1.74 ± 0.18 ng/ml, p = 0.011) and SFs (1.34 ± 0.48 vs. 0.30 ± 0.06 ng/ml, p = 0.054) in patients with RA spontaneously released larger amounts of S100A11 into the cell culture supernatants than the cells did in patients with OA (Fig. 4c, d).