IL1B and demyelinating disease: To further investigate the potential involvement of PGE2, which is a downstream product of IL-1β signaling, in the pathogenesis of TMEV-induced demyelinating disease, the levels of inducible COX-2 and PGES-1 mRNAs in DCs and glial cells (microglia, oligodendrocytes and astrocytes) were assessed after TMEV infection (Fig 2A).