IGF1 and colorectal carcinoma: These observations suggest that supplementation with certain kinds of phytochemicals and carotenoids or BCAA effectively suppresses the development of premalignant lesions of CRC by attenuating chronic inflammation, down-regulating the IGF/IGF-1R axis, improving dyslipidemia, ameliorating hyperleptinemia, and/or inhibiting the expression of COX-2, which appears to be a promising target for the prevention of CRC [74,75].