HMGB1 and hand, foot and mouth disease: The results revealed a relationship between the serum concentrations of HMGB1, IL-6, and TNF-α and EV71-induced HFMD, and indicate that HMGB1 is involved in the pathogenesis of EV71-induced HFMD, suggesting that the gene transcription regulation by HMGB1 may play an impotent role during the process of HFMD.