RPS12 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Several of our novel loci have candidate genes within 500 kb of our tag variants that are highly expressed and/or active in brain tissue (BBX, KIF1B, SOX11 and EPHA3) and, like other obesity-associated genes, may be involved in previously-identified pathways linked to neuronal regulation of appetite (KIF1B, GRIN2A and SLC23A2), adipo/angiogenesis (ANGPTL3 and TNF) and glucose, lipid and energy homeostasis (CD47, STK25, STK19, RAGE, AIF1, LYPLAL1, HDLBP, ANGPTL3, DOCK7, KIF1B, PREX1 and RPS12).