It is important to note that the missense mutated p53 proteins, which are typically expressed in cancer, do have well-established gain of function, transcription-independent and mitochondrial apoptosis associated functions although the specific impacts of missense mutations on the p53 function, including capacity to mediate cell death, is debated (Vaseva and Moll, 2009; Freed-Pastor and Prives, 2012). The gene discussed is TP53; the disease is cancer.