The rs11509153A allele (ROS and MAP MAF = 0.41), which was associated with better residual cognition in step 1 (Table 1), is located in intron 4 of TMEM106B. In our study, rs11509153A was not associated with baseline cognition (p > 0.05), but it was associated with slower pathology-adjusted global cognitive decline (estimated effect = 0.013, 95% CI 0.005 to 0.022, p = 0.0024), and this protective effect was observed in episodic memory, semantic memory, and working memory domains (FDR < 0.05) (S4 Table). Here, TMEM106B is linked to Mental deterioration.