In their report, they subjected mice deficient in T cells (Rag1-/-) to IA models, in which IAs were induced by surgical manipulations similar with our models, and found that T cell deficiency did not affect IA formation[25] as in our results using a T cell-deficient rat model, supporting our notion that macrophages not T cells regulate the pathogenesis of IAs. The gene discussed is RAG1; the disease is congenital T-cell immunodeficiency.