EGFR and cancer: Increased EGFR protein and transcript levels correlate with poor prognosis in various epithelial cancers, such as colorectal cancer (CRC),4 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC),5 endometrial cancer,6 and squamous-cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN).7 Another mode of EGFR activation in cancer is activating somatic mutations that result in constitutive kinase activity, and these are particularly prevalent in NSCLC (reviewed in Morgensztern et al.8).