Additionally, although PrPC protected neuroblastoma cells from the oxidative toxin 3-morpholinosynonimine hydrochloride through activation of the phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K)-RACα serine/threonine-protein kinase (Akt) signalling pathway, PrPC transfection actually increased susceptibility to hydrogen peroxide treatment (Vassallo et al., 2005). Here, AKT1 is linked to neuroblastoma.