JAK1 and malignant colon neoplasm: Loss-of-function mutations in the interferon-receptor-associated Janus kinase 1 (JAK1) and/or Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) genes in melanoma and mismatch repair-deficient colon cancer have been implicated in acquired resistance, or possibly even primary resistance, to PD-1 inhibition (62, 63).