HIF1A and cancer: Even though the underlying mechanisms of the deregulation of HK2 in cancer cells have not yet been completely elucidated, the PI3K/Akt-related signaling pathway [54], as well as the transcription factors c-myc and hypoxia inducible factors-1α (HIF-1α) [55], has been demonstrated to be involved in HK2 and HK2-mediated glycolysis regulation.