TNF and age-related macular degeneration: We found that miRNAs, dysregulated both in serum of AMD patients and retina of Aβ-injected rats, can target genes of pathways associated to neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., apoptosis, ubiquitin proteolysis, neurotrophin signaling) along with inflammatory signaling pathways (e.g., mTOR, HIF, TNFα, and VEGF signaling; Figures 3, 4).