STAMBP and Cerebral ischemia: Indeed, α-MSH diminishes fever and inflammation in models of acute, chronic, and systemic inflammation (Lipton et al., 1999), whereas similar protective findings have been observed for different brain pathologies, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD) (Giuliani et al., 2014), traumatic brain injury (Schaible et al., 2013), experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (Mykicki et al., 2016), and cerebral ischemia (Giuliani et al., 2006).