FOS and Alzheimer disease: GSK-3 phosphorylation regulates transcription factors such as NF-κB, STAT3, Fos/Jun AP-1, p53 (Beurel et al., 2015); histone deacetylases; and proteins like the microtubule binding tau (Mandelkow et al., 1992), critical to Alzheimer's disease and neurodegenerative disease pathology (Stamer et al., 2002; Mandelkow et al., 2003).