CCL2 and cancer: Besides the limitation on the cost, CCL2 antibodies have shown some limitation for cancer treatment, as the removal of anti-CCL2 antibody in cancer treatment was found leading to an increased metastatic burden in an orthotropic mammary tumor model [33], While the cessation of CCR2 antagonist (RDC018, GlaxoSmithKline) did not enhance malignant progression in hepatocellular carcinoma postsurgical recurrence mice models.