NES and neoplasm: Immunohistochemistry using the respective antibodies (Supplementary Table 2) of pretreatment and autopsy tissue showed decrease in pGSS641, nestin, MIB-1 index (pretreatment 32.9% to autopsy 8.0%) and MGMT levels (Figure 5D), suggesting that the CLOVA cocktail treatment inhibited GSK3β activity, attenuated tumor invasion and enhanced TMZ effect, similar to in vivo experiment (Figures 3 and 4).