Quantitatively or qualitatively insufficient sleep has reported associations with obesity, decreased insulin sensitivity, diabetes, and hypertension, all of which can induce kidney dysfunction via abnormal production of adipokines and hormones, hemodynamic changes such as increased filtration fraction, and consequent glomerular hypertension in remnant nephrons[44–47]. This evidence concerns the gene INS and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.